Kenneth R. Marks is the founder of The Ancestor Hunt, a comprehensive resource dedicated to assisting individuals in the exploration and discovery of their ancestry and family history. With a passion for genealogy that shines through his meticulous work, Marks has transformed The Ancestor Hunt into a cornerstone for amateur and experienced genealogists. We are thrilled to announce a guest blog series penned by Kenneth R. Marks himself. Through this series, readers will gain unprecedented access to Marks’ wealth of knowledge and insider tips, especially for newspaper research.
In old newspapers, you are likely to find abbreviations of people’s given or first names. So, when searching online, it behooves us to search with the abbreviation of that first name as well as the full first name. I did a search for “Thomas Johnson” in a newspaper site and found about 22,700 results. I then did a search for “Thos Johnson” and found 9,700 results. That is an additional 43% of newspaper pages! (“Thos” is an abbreviation for Thomas).
In old newspapers, abbreviations were used to save space. Abbreviations were used to shorten many words – the most notable being given names and addresses.
Your search index database is not smart enough to automatically search for the abbreviation of “Thos” for “Thomas”. The same issue applies when trying to interpret “ave” for the word “avenue” So if you are entering “335 14th Avenue” – if the search index includes “Ave” the search will not be successful. Therefore, you must search both “335 14th Avenue” and “335 14th Ave” to get all possible results.
Given names can provide a great number of increased results by using abbreviations. I have seen as much as 50% more newspaper search results with given name abbreviations, such as “Wm” for William, “Jos” for Joseph, “Eliz” for Elizabeth, and “Robt” for Robert, to name a few. Here is a terrific list of given name abbreviations from Genealogy In Time.
So, when developing your search criteria for newspaper searches, you need to include abbreviations in your repertoire.
Here is a list of common abbreviations that you should use in your searches.
| Eliz for Elizabeth | Capt for Captain |
| Wm for William | Pl for Place |
| Sgt for Sergeant | Co for Company |
| Ave for Avenue | Pres for President |
| Corp for Corporation | Ln for Lane |
| Jno for John | Col for Colonel |
| St for Street | Chas for Charles |
| NYC for New York City | Benj for Benjamin |
| Jos for Joseph | Cpl for Corporal |
| Jas for James | Geo for George |
| Margt for Margaret | Robt for Robert |
| Saml for Samuel | Thos for Thomas |
| Inc for Incorporated | Genl for General |
| Deb for Deborah | Danl for Daniel |
| Hy for Henry | Pvt for Private |
| CPO for Chief Petty Officer | Ens for Ensign |
| My for Mary | Theo for Theodore |
| Agt for Agent | Prop for Proprietor |
| Ag for Agnes | Alex for Alexander |
| Chr for Christian | Dy for Dorothy |
Make sure that you include abbreviated words in your search criteria. You may find articles that you wouldn’t have without searching using the abbreviation.
